....Canadian spatial analyst here (retired). I also worked as a cartographer (paid under numerous research grants over the years), but I am NOT a surveyor (though, I have studied extensively the field of geodesy). I had done extensive "field surveying" for research purposes (mapping everything from traditional knowledge, to underwater structures, all related to academic research), and have never used a surveyor in any grants in the 8 countries I have worked in; none of the countries was on/in US territory). There was simply no need for a surveyor, because the projects were never concerned with precise measurements to determine property boundaries nor, for for engineering, nor construction projects.
Some of the data we needed would come from myriad sources (informants on the ground; precision level x, y or z space-based remote sensed data with projection/datum attached; aerial photos rubber-sheeted to existing digital maps; and even survey equipment rented by the research team (sans surveyor) to be used in the field for geo-locating non property boundary/non engineering and non construction-related surface features (either cultural or resource inventories).
There is a definite line in the sand where professional spatial analysts and professional cartographers do not cross over into the field of country-certified/licensed surveyors and vice versa. In other words, a spatial analyst, cartographer or field geographer does not need to hold a surveyors license to do their work and collect their data; nor does a licensed surveyor absolutely have to obtain a MSc or PhD in a spatial analytical or cartographic realm to be able to practice surveying. However, a spatial analyst, cartographer or field geographer may need a remote-sensed product produced by a space agency, commercial aerial photographic company, on edit: and prolifically more recently, inexpensive drones not owned or operated by a surveyor (or, even licensed surveyor derived data, if the research angle is property rights related) to use IN their research...but bringing in a licensed surveyor into a geographical or even an archaeological research project for the project to derive cartographic output from is very rare indeed (unless the research project has a State, tribal, cultural, or historic legal land ownership angle to it)